The Vulnerabilities of Port Systems to Disruption

Secure Freight Initiative of SFI is a program developed by the Department of Homeland Security of the United States. SFI has an objective to ensure the security of cargos under the Container Security Initiative and the security of the importers. SFI is enforced with the help of technology using radiation for the inspection of containers in the ports (Secure Freight Initiative, 2015).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Vulnerabilities of Port Systems to Disruption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This kind of inspection is perceived to be more efficient due to its non-intrusive character. The function of Secure Freight Initiative is to make sure that the shipments coming from abroad are safe. In other words, the main objective of SFI is risk prevention. Currently, the program is at the test stage. It is employed in such foreign ports as Port Qasim in Pakistan, Southampton in the United Kingdom, and Puerto Cortes in Honduras (Secure Freight Initiative, 2015). Soon, ports in Korea, Singapore and Oman are planning to become a part of the program. There are several potential vulnerabilities to disruption under SFI: Slowed down inspection due to the new system and technology that is unfamiliar to the users and is likely to have multiple malfunctions during the first years of use. The absence of a fixed protocol outlining clear instructions as to the ports’ actions in various situations, constant change of protocols, and the need to wait for the response from the United States. The potential decrease in the popularity of the ports that are using the new technology as its malfunctions and delays may make the ports unattractive for the clients so they would develop different routes avoiding these ports. C-TPAT or Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism serves to protect that global trades for the threats presented by the terrorism and provide security to the United States and the count ries around (C-TPAT: Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism, n. d.). One of the challenges C-TPAT faces is the provision of security and safeguarding trading operations without slowing down the economic interactions between the countries. Unlike SFI focusing only on the maritime cargo transportation, C-TPAT covers the representatives of all transportation modes cruising between the USA and its neighbors such as Canada and Mexico (C-TPAT: Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism, n. d.). Ever since the partnership first began to function in 2001, multiple entities have joined. Today, the partnership is going beyond the borders of the USA and the surrounding countries turning into a global initiative. The participators of C-TPAT are obliged to protect their supply chain. In terms of the port security, C-TPAT faces such challenges as the allocation of space for the scanning equipment, the maintenance of the equipment in ports that are situated in the third world states (it is i mportant to keep in mind that many of the world’s countries have extreme weather conditions), funding and financing of the project in terms of the purchase of the equipment, additional staffing, and coaching.Advertising Looking for essay on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, C-TPAT has to deal with the privacy concerns as the cargo scanning operations assume working with very important data that requires appropriate protection. In fact, even the procedure of entering C-TPAT by different participants relies on the collection of privacy data about the traders’ and carriers’ backgrounds. All of the challenges mentioned above slow down the trading operations and make the potential participants reluctant about joining C-TPAT. As a result, to avoid the disruption of the trading operations, the partnership is to develop a set of clear policies and rules as to the areas representing ch allenges. Reference List C-TPAT: Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism. (n. d.). Retrieved from https://www.cbp.gov/border-security/ports-entry/cargo-security/ctpat Secure Freight Initiative. (2015). Retrieved from https://www.dhs.gov/secure-freight-initiative This essay on The Vulnerabilities of Port Systems to Disruption was written and submitted by user ShaneYamada-Jones to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How You Will Save Time Dealing with a Professional Assignment Writing Service

How You Will Save Time Dealing with a Professional Assignment Writing Service How You Will Save Time Dealing with a Professional Assignment Writing Service If you are considering hiring a professional writing service to complete an assignment for you, it’s probably because you are feeling crunched for time. There are a number of reasons that this can happen. Maybe you have been given several large assignments that are all due at once, and it’s just physically impossible to complete them all. Perhaps, you are in the midst of a crisis in your personal life, or you are overwhelmed with the demands from your off-campus job. These are all valid reasons for seeking out the help of a professional assignment writing service. One thing to keep in mind is that you want to make sure that this service will in fact save your time. Check their credentials and testimonials to ensure that this really is a professional writing agency. There are lots of individuals who advertise themselves online as professional writers, but they are really amateurs. In this case, you may still end up wasting a lot of time with cumbersome edits. Here are some ways in which the right professional writing service can save your time. 1. Research It’s the most basic and essential component of a good paper, but it certainly is time-consuming! A quality writing service will know how to seek out good sources for your paper. They will also be familiar with the formatting style that you need, whether it’s APA, MLA, Harvard or Turabian. 2. Planning From the very start to finish, the entire process of writing takes a lot of time. A lot of tasks of forming an outline, articulating a thesis statement, producing a first draft and making edits can seem endless. A professional writing service knows how to accomplish each of these steps with ease and competence. You can rest easily knowing that this long and complex undertaking is in good hands. 3. Proofreading Even if you write your paper yourself, it can be a huge help to have an objective third party to proofread your piece for you. It’s very common for people to miss their own errors while trying to check their works. Even a friend may not catch everything. But if you hire a professional to proofread it for you, you can rest assured that you you will receive a paper that’s error-free. 4. Templates for Future Assignments A professionally written research paper or essay can help you save time on future assignments too! Once you have a template for a work, you will find the whole writing process, from start to finish, much easier next time around. Moreover, you will gain knowledge about effective writing as well. 5. More Time to Spend on Other Assignments Avoid the trap of getting so bogged down in one cumbersome assignment that you have no time to prepare for other classes or study for any exams. By taking a writing assignment off your plate, a professional writer frees you up to concentrate on the big picture of all your academic endeavors, ensuring that you will be more successful overall. If you feel like you are getting buried alive under time constraints, there is a hope! Find the right professional assignment writing service, and feel the stress slips down your shoulders.

Thinking Through Religions 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Thinking Through Religions 4 - Essay Example This is because self isolation and being separate can lead to a mental state of renunciation. There is a perception that when men make vows, they tend to become spiritual men who state separate from the physical world (Merton, 1966). In a sense, this theory suggests that it is possible to subscribe to a personal ideology to the exclusion of the mainstream society (Braght & Sohm, 1987). The illusion theory assumes that men become separate by taking vows that cause them to belong to an interior life. The new reality suggests that while the interior world may be real, it should not lead to denial of physical world which is dominated by the secular (Merton & Bochen, 2000). The reality of the God does not denounce the existence of hatred and corruption in a physical world that has evolved through revolution (Ferch, 2012). The reality of the interior world and the secular world in which we live is brought about by the level of awareness. The new reality is that there are no strangers (Ward, 8). The level of understanding of how we appear in God’s eyes can alter the values of collective existence (Broom, 2003). A telling example would be destroying weapons after realizing the need for friendship and company. As members of the human race, God has designed us to be naturally interdependent. Question 2 Father Maximilian was arrested for aiding Jews and Polish underground. He with four others was deported to Auschwitz labor and death camp. According to the Camp Commandant, Fritsch, Roman Catholics had only one month to live while Jews were entitled to only two weeks. They would then be killed through a crematorium. He was tattooed with 16670 as his number and began hard labor. However, when a prisoner escaped five months later, officers from Kolbe’s bunker were paraded, ready to be taken to death chamber. Ten men were picked at random. One was a sergeant, Francis Gajowniczek. Father Kolbe offered to die of his behalf after listening to his desperate cry. In 1982, during a rescue operation, Lenny Skutnit dived into the icy waters to save a lady. Priscilla Tirado was too exhausted to hold the rope dropped from a helicopter as dozens of people watched, emergency service personnel included. The 30 feet swimming to the river show saved her life. Both men indicated their willingness to offer their lives on behalf of other people with actions as the evidence (Braght & Sohm, 1987). While one incident involved drowning, the other involved prison execution. Fath er Kolbe offered to offer his life for a person who could not reciprocate. These actions reveal that human nature can be moved to act on behalf of others without having a prior knowledge of their existence. The actions also reveal that human beings are naturally in need of each other. Human beings can act heroically on behalf of those in desperate circumstances or dire need of rescue. Question 3 Charles Roberts, 32 year old milk truck drivers killed ten girls before committing suicide. This occurred in west Nickel Mines School in Pennsylvania. The members of the community went through extreme moments of grief and mourning (Kraybill, 2007). However, hours after the shooting, an Amish neighbor had comforted Roberts’s family. The Amish community donated money to the widow and attended the burial ceremony of the killer. They showed love to Roberts’s family hours just a day after some of them had buried their own daughters. The members of the Amish committed offered uncondi tional forgiveness even when it was extremely difficult. The national society might have mistaken their kind acts to mean they were less affected. Many affected families

Differences Between Football and Baseball Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Differences Between Football and Baseball - Essay Example Baseball was most popular in the 1950s and the period prior. The Yankees were always the best during baseball leagues (Rogers, 2012). They always won the first position. The Cleveland Indians took the second place and the Chicago White Sox mostly took the third place. Baseball, however, evolved in the ‘60s as pressure was mounted to incorporate people from other cultures (Lowenfish, 2008). There was also pressure to expand the baseball leagues from the usual eight that often played to ten teams. The teams were to increase later to twelve. Some major groups also relocate from the Northeast to the West Coast. The baseball league management also introduced a watering down of scores and points. It was successful as now teams could score more easily, but it destroyed the credentials that baseball had and lost more fans. Baseball was more like an American game watched and celebrated in America while football is a global game (Rogers, 2012). All countries have a team, and the team represents the country. The best teams are the ones that play in the final leagues. The positions are awarded on a merit basis. The best football teams globally can run their football clubs more like companies. Therefore, teams like Manchester United, Arsenal, Manchester City, Chelsea, among a few others are run like businesses and have their shares even listed on the stock exchange. The fact that investors can chip into these companies makes them be able to ‘buy’ the best players from other small teams. The small teams agree to it because they get cash in exchange that they use to try to improve their team or for costs. Football is popular because it is an international game, more of a competition and the best team wins. As teams try to fight for the championship, the game becomes more attractive, and people are lured into following it. There is also the aspect that there is always a big chunk of money to be paid to the team that

Visualizing Complexity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Visualizing Complexity - Essay Example The record types are organised in the form of a rooted tree. However, in network model, multiple branches emanate from a single or more nodes (Lima 86). It can be likened to several trees sharing branches. Consequently, the hierarchical model can be said to support one-one relationships and one-to-many relations in contrast to the network data model that supports many to many relationships. The hierarchical model supports a data structure whereby there is a parent-child relationship in contrast to the network model whereby a record can have many parents as well as many children. Whereas the network model uses CODASYL the hierarchical model is not a provider of any independent, stand-alone query interface. The commonality among the models, the hierarchical model and network database model is that in both of them retrieve algorithms are complex and systematic (Lima 109). The hierarchical data model has an insertion a normally whereby one cannot retrieve information on a child who has no parent in contrast to the network model that has no anomalies. In addition, the network model is free from update anomalies as a result of a single occurrence in each set. The hierarchical data model, however, has multiple occurrences of child records, which causes inconsistency problems during the update operations. In hierarchical model, data integrity is based on parent-child relationship and the deletion of parent results. In the deletion of child records, the network model is free from all the deletion anomalies because information is stored in a different table, which further enhances its efficiency. In the network database model, a child entity can have many parents and can be visualised as several inverted trees interconnected by branches contrary to the single inverted trees characterised by branches in the hierarchical model. Folksonomy refers to a classification system derived from the methodology and practise of collaboratively, creating,

Natural And Conventional Medicine Health And Social Care Essay

Natural And Conventional Medicine Health And Social Care Essay This paper discusses and compares the two main medical traditions natural and conventional medicine. Both conventional and natural medicine have been practiced and found proven to hold many advantages but conventional medicine is regarded as the universal, hence, more popular method of healing illness. Conventional medicine relies on science and technology to contribute to the preservation and longevity of peoples lives and the leaps that this tradition has made has surpassed expectation. Nevertheless, with the rising cost of medicines, procedures, and hospitalization, and the preference for more holistic and non-invasive methods in the treatment of illness, naturopathy or natural medicine has grown in popularity. In its comparison with conventional medicine, this paper highlights the advantages of naturopathy including its effectiveness, safety, a good patient-healer relationship, the sense of being in control over illness, and its non-invasive nature. Naturopathys congruence with the culture and psychological belief systems of diverse peoples also contributes to growing preference of it. Moreover, conventional treatment has slowly incorporated natural methods such as the use of herbs, crossing over with acupuncture and other alternative practices, proving that the next best step for medicine is to maximize knowledge from both conventional and natural methods toward a better quality of life for mankind. Introduction In the current world, medical practice is dichotomized. Medical practice may either be classified as conventional or alternative. Sometimes, classifications go by conventional versus natural or traditional. These medical traditions and their respective practitioners are often pitted against one another. Yet, a closer look reveals that these classifications are arbitrary and are not actually in blanket opposition. Conventional medicine also has a long history of utilizing natural resources in the past. Meanwhile, various natural methods of healing are now using technologies too. The real nature of these categories are hegemonic. Conventional medicine which was developed by more dominant societies and cultures arose as the dominant and in this respect, the most scientific way of healing. Meanwhile, indigenous, natural and traditional forms of healing that have long histories of local practices were simply lumped together in opposition to the conventional. This is similar to how various forms of traditional music have been clustered together under the banner of world music despite obvious aesthetic variations. Sadly, the burden of proof was pushed more to the side of the alternative or natural medical traditions. This paper intends to give a brief discussion and comparison of conventional and natural medicine. Being the less dominant one, this paper will put stress on the strengths and positive attributes of natural medicine. Although the historical importance and contributions of conventional medicine are recognized, this paper asserts the need for a greater recognition, utilization, and further improvement in the realm of natural medicine. Conventional Medicine Conventional medicine, sometimes called allopathic medicine or even Western medicine, is the most widely used medical system in the world today, particularly in the Western hemisphere. It is largely based on the physical and biological sciences. Its universality lies in its materialist and standardized approaches and to its positivist and experimental tradition. The materialism of this medical school enables the easy translation of the discipline to different countries and cultures. This enables its practitioners to speak the same language and to have a unified view of medical problems. Advances in the field of conventional medicine owe to its strong research tradition. Conventional treatments are all supposed to subscribe to proven treatments based on evidence. Of course, many researches are now being done by multi-national pharmaceutical corporations owing to conventional medicines strong commercial nature. Thus, the price to pay for getting oneself cured can be very high due to the commercialized and increasingly privatized treatment facilities, medicines and other diagnostic procedures. Indeed, it is undeniable that conventional medicine has gone through great leaps and bounds in preserving the quality and longevity of lives of people around the world. This owes very much to advances in diagnostic and treatment procedures and preventive measures. The use of X-rays, CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies now give more accurate diagnoses over a shorter period of time. Vaccinations are now preventing the spread of diseases over large populations. Advances in the pharmaceutical industries are now presenting greater potential in curing some of the worlds deadliest diseases. Even medical doctors (M.D.) who recognize and advocate and use alternative medicine, like Weil (1998), still point out the greater ability and efficacy of conventional medicine in treating particular diseases as compared to alternative medical systems. Particularly, they mention the management and cure of viral infections; allergies; chronic degenerative diseases; autoimmune problems such as AIDS; bacterial infection; trauma; many of the serious forms of cancer; mental illnesses, which require medication; other functional illnesses; and medical and surgical emergencies. However, there are still many imperfections in conventional treatments. For example, there are drugs that are effective in treating particular problems but may bring about ugly side effects. For instance, thalidomide, a morning sickness drug is known to produce severe birth defects. The taking of malarial prophylaxis, such as doxycyclin, can damage the liver over long use, thus deemed inadvisable for usage of people living in malaria-infested areas. A recent online news report told how Americans get the most radiation from medical radiology. Viruses also evolve every day which presents continuous new challenges to the medical world. Natural Medicine The term natural medicine for the purpose of this paper refers to alternative medical systems that lean towards the usage of more natural means of healing, especially in comparison to conventional medicine. This adoption of a more simplified definition is due to the existence of several yet still similar and related definitions. The term is oftentimes almost equated to alternative medicine which was defined by Brannon and Feist (2007) as a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices and products that are not currently considered part of conventional medicine (p. 190). In actuality, the term alternative medicine covers a wide array of medical systems which evolved more or less independently from different cultures. Examples are the Chinese traditional medicine, from which acupuncture and acupressure arose; Ayurvedic medicine from India, Naturopathy from Europe; macrobiotics; chiropractic and other various massage treatments from all over the world. When these methods a re incorporated by conventional doctors to their practice, the treatments are termed complementary medicine. The clustering of these diverse medical systems and traditions, some of which from great civilizations, either under the term alternative medicine or complementary medicine, implies how the former is deemed only secondary to conventional medicine. On the other hand, natural medicine is also treated as synonymous to naturopathy. Naturopathy is a cure system which targets the prevention and cure of diseases with the use of safe and efficient natural remedies (Muetzell, 2008). The practitioners central belief is that the human being in his normal state is healthy and that disobedience to natural laws results to illnesses (Brown, 1988). It then follows that nature has the power and resources to heal and that the human body has the ability to maintain, nurse and heal itself back to health. It is said that the movement became sufficiently coherent in Europe in the 19th century. A man named Benedict Lust, a German patient who was treated for tuberculosis through hydrotheraphy and other natural means, migrated to the United States and popularized the movement. The naturopathy movement was popular in Germany and in Britain during those days and was later popularized in the United States (Brannon Feist, 2007). In spite of the varying definitions of natural medicine, the various alternative medical systems named early in the paper have significant similarities in their principles, which like naturopathy leans towards the healing power of nature. The seeking of natural balance is quite universal to various traditional and indigenous medical systems. In reverse, naturopathy employs various healing practices from various cultures. Increasing Popularity in Conventional Medicine-Dominated Countries More and more, natural medicine has been enjoying increasing popularity and patronage in countries with advanced levels of conventional medical practice. Eisenberg et al. (1993) reported that the unconventional medicine usage frequency of the United States adult population had been way higher than stated in previous reports. Particularly, they estimated that one in three persons in the U.S. adult population had been utilizing unconventional medicine in 1990. This figure also implied a greater number of patient visits to unconventional medicine practitioners as compared to visits to conventional medical practitioners. They added that the amount spent by these adults on unconventional treatment was also comparable to the amount spent by Americans for all hospitalizations. A telephone survey in Britain revealed a 20% usage of alternative medicine, most popular of which is the use of herbs, aroma therapy, acupuncture, massage and reflexology (Ernst, 2000). This increasing patronage of natural and other alternative medicine may also be attributed to the increasing number of physicians who practice or recommend alternative therapies to their patients. Astin (1998) mentioned how a 1994 survey showed that more than 60% of the surveyed variably specialized physicians in Washington State, New Mexico and Israel recommended alternative therapies to their patients in the previous year while 38% had done so in the previous month. Meanwhile, 47% of these physicians use alternative therapies on themselves and 23% of the physicians have incorporated alternative therapies to their practices. The practice of naturopathy as a discipline is also becoming more and more regulated and consolidated with the creation of professional associations such as the American Naturopathic Association. More so, various schools have been accredited to teach naturopathy such as the Bastyr University, National College of Natural Medicine and the Broucher Institute of Naturopathic Medicine. More mainstream medical schools are now tackling or offering alternative medicine. Examples of such schools are Harvard, Columbia, Georgetown and Duke (Barney, 1998). Many conventional medical practitioners critique the usage of natural medicine. According to Ernst (2003), alternative medicine is largely opinion-based. Practitioners tend to give inconsistent and different prescriptions for the same diseases or medical conditions. For example, he cites how 100 different complementary therapies were recommended for asthma, while systemic reviews failed to back up a single treatment for this indication (p. 1134). Ernst was also disappointed at the scarcity of systematically gathered evidence. Yet, he is not against alternative medicine per se. He advocated for a more objective and scientific usage of alternative medicine. Why the Shift towards Natural Medicine? Overly-commercialized Conventional Medicine Weil (1998) tells how the commercialization of orthodox medicine is discouraging patients to continue seeking conventional treatments. He characterizes how mainstream medicine continues to become more expensive and technology-reliant. He tells how the popularity of health maintenance organizations (HMOs) has gravely affected the health care system. HMOs, he claims, want doctors to see as many patients as possible for the purpose of profit. Sadly, doctors spend less time with their patients which translate to less detailed medical and family histories, thus affecting the quality of diagnosis and treatment. In contrast, naturopathic consultations involves long and thorough interview with patients. Interviews look at medical and family histories, patient lifestyle, emotional health, and other physical features. Ernst (2000) points to various motivating factors for trying complementary and alternative medicine, which he divides into two positive and negative motivations. Positive motivations consist of the attributes of alternative medicine itself while negative motivations refer to negative attributes of conventional medicine which pushes patients to try alternative medicine. Examples of those enlisted as positive motivation are the following: 1) perceptions of effectiveness; 2) perception of safety; 3) control over treatment; 4) good patient-healer relationship; and 5) non-invasive nature. Meanwhile, enumerated as negative motivations are: 1) dissatisfaction of- and case-to-case ineffectiveness of conventional medicine; 2) rejection of science and technology; 3) rejection of the establishment; and 4) desperation. Education, Poorer Health Status and Congruence to Patient Beliefs and Principles The national study of Astin (1998) revealed that the most significant factors leading to the use of alternative medicine are the attainment of a higher level of education, having a poorer health status and the greater congruence of alternative medicine to the patients values, beliefs and philosophies. Patrons, he said, tend to hold a philosophical orientation towards health and holism. He also found out that dissatisfaction with the conventional medical system is not as significant as the earlier mentioned factors. Key Principles of Natural Medicine and their Implication to Treatment in Comparison to Conventional Medicine As mentioned in Astins study (1998), the principles of natural medicine appeals significantly to patients. The key principles of naturologists can be summed up into six guidelines, which are: 1) Promote the healing power of nature; 2) First do no harm; 3) Treat the whole person; 4) Treat the cause rather than the symptom; 5) Prevention is the best cure; 6) The physician is a teacher, teaching patients to take care of themselves (Brannon Feist, 2007). Holistic (system-oriented vis-a-vis disease oriented) The most common word to describe naturalistic treatment is holistic. This owes to natural medicines strong faith and reliance on the natural balance of nature. Particularly, the body was said to have a stable state that when bothered can lead to illnesses. Natural medicine also believes that excretion of wastes is a valuable part of this system and a stoppage to this normal functions lead to an unhealthy state. To illustrate, Chinese traditional medicine believes in the concept of Chi, a local concept which closely translates to vital energy. Chi, the Chinese believe, flows throughout the body. In line with this, illnesses are attributed to the blockage of this energy flow. Acupuncture for instance targets to solve this blockage. Natural medicine practitioners look at patients in their wholeness as individuals. Practitioners usually look at factors that may be disrupting the bodys natural balance. They are not only focused on the physical body but also looks at the mind and spirit. It is common for natural medicine practitioners to look at the lifestyles of patients and tries to being out the natural healing capacity of the body. They advise and help patients incorporate stress reduction methods and healthy eating into their lifestyles. This was in contrast to the treatment of conventional medicine which commonly isolates the physical body from the exclusion of mind and spirit (Weil, 1998). Barney (1998) a medical doctor who subscribes to medical complementation, criticizes the rigidity of conventional medicine in its approach to diseases. Particularly, he describes conventional treatments as disease-oriented. For instance, to address an infection, doctors may prescribe antibiotics that can weaken the kidneys. This shows a disregard to the body as a system only comprised of body parts. He said that treatment options must be expanded to fit the specific needs of each patient. Regard for particularities While natural medicine practitioners look at the whole in everyone, they also do not forget to look at the particular attributes of the individual. For instance, Ayurvedic medicine subscribes to the belief that there are different types of human bodies and that each body type must be given customized medical treatment. People who are fat or thin are also not automatically considered unhealthy in Ayurvedic medicine. Whereas in conventional medicine, normal body mass is calculated based on the height and weight of a person compared to universal standards. Also, some of the healthiest food prescribed by conventional medicine for a healthy person can be classified as unhealthy in Chinese medicine based on individual conditions. In this tradition, the definition of healthy food varies from person to person, even to those who may be classified by conventional medicine as being in a state of good health. Bias towards the Natural Natural medicine also attributes illnesses to actions and activities which veer away from natural laws of the body. For example, in macrobiotics, it is viewed that meat and poultry products being sold nowadays are very characteristically un-natural due to the hormones and chemicals being fed to the animals to facilitate speedy growth. Thus, natural medicine avoids or minimizes the usage of synthetic drugs such as antibiotics, radiation technologies, biomedical technologies such as vaccines and major surgery. Furthermore, it uses more natural substances and medicines found in the body and in the natural environment such as water in hydrotherapy. It has a far greater respect for herbal medicines which was used by a great number of people around the world. In contrast, conventional medical treatments can sometimes suppress the bodys efforts and capability to self-heal. Conclusion The fact that natural medicine is enjoying widening and growing support especially in the Western world gives credence to its claims of efficacy in relieving problems of the mind, body and soul. It also reflects particular weaknesses in the current conventional medical practice, which translates as negative motivations for usage of natural medicine. This validates the importance of the key characteristics of natural medicine which are: 1) holism; 2) bias towards the natural; and 3) attention to the particular. Outside the efficacy in dealing with physical problems, I think that the greatest trait espoused by natural medicine that conventional medicine lacks is in the formers attention to the mind and body. This translates to patients feelings of peace, control over their bodies and feelings of being valued and respected by their healers. Like Ernst, I believe that natural medicine and other alternative medical systems can benefit from addressing the critiques of conventional medical practitioners. In particular, it would be beneficial if natural medicine practitioners from various traditions can take steps in systematically documenting and gathering our- and other unexplored healing practices and their results. This is a positive step towards a maximization of knowledge from all over the world and the integration of various know-hows and towards more informed choices among patients.

roman empire and mondern day europe Essay -- essays research papers

Part I Figure 3.3 on page 67 illustrate the influence of the Roman Empire in relation to road construction and transportation and the similarities of those early systems with modern day Europe. A great deal of events has occurred between the time periods of the two maps. The first major road system was established by the Roman Empire from 300 BC and onwards, mainly for economic, military, and administrative reasons. The road system relied on solid road engineering methods, including the laying of foundations and the construction of bridges. This was also linked with the establishment of pan-continental trading routes like the Silk Road that linked Europe and Asia by 100 BC. After the fall of the Roman Empire after the 5th century, integrated road transportation fell out of favor as most roads were locally constructed and maintained. Due to the lack of maintenance of many road segments, land transport became a very dangerous activity. It wasn’t until the creation of modern nation-stat es in the 17th century that national road transportation systems were formally established. Through central government efforts the French built their Royal Roads system spanning 24,000 km, over which a public transport service of stage-coaches carrying passengers and mail was created. The British built a 32,000 km system of turnpikes where tolls have to be paid for the use of a road. It was mostly a private sector effort. 1794 introduced the beginning of modern road transportation with the first ...

Feasibility Study on Whitening Soap Essay

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY With today’s generation being very conscious of their skin, both men and women are faced with the problem of choosing different kinds of whitening products. As students that are looking for other ways to earn money, our group has come up with the idea of making a whitening soap that not only serves its main purpose of whitening but also give the users the satisfaction of using soaps that have great scents and are appealing to the consumers. Competitive Advantage It is a fact that the majority of the consumers of whitening products are from the teens and young adults that seek to nurture their skin and complexion. Our product clearly has an advantage compared to other whitening products because first it is very appealing to the consumers both men and women of all ages because of its unique color and the selection of different scents. Target Market Since the recent trend in beauty products in today’s market is widely on whitening and anti-aging, and the fact that people are very conscious with their appearance, has constituted to the advocates of this study to choose the following target segment. Target Segments Middle-aged women that are beauty conscious: This group of people is usually those that have adequate income to purchase beauty products. They are also the ones that prioritize in preserving their appearance since they are the ones that are starting to age. Dark skinned people: These are the people that wish to have a lighter skin tone and want to achieve their goal instantly. II. BUSINESS PLAN Business Model A Marketing Strategy The biggest challenge that will be faced by selling our product is that we have many competitors in the beauty industry and many of them are already established companies and sellers. The primary business target markets are the Universities and Banks that constitute the major clients of the beauty industry. B Product Strategy Since the current market is already made up of many suppliers and sellers of beauty products most specifically in whitening, we have made our product more appealing in terms of its colors and shape that other products don’t have. Capital Requirement 5,000 Php DETAILED COST ALLOCATION FOR 3 YEARS Particulars Indirect Materials Box for repacking15,800 Delivery Fare10,500 Cash Flow With this capital requirement, we will be able to buy 45 pcs of soap for our group and we will be able to repack them and sell them for 120 per pc. If everything goes well, we will reinvest the money we have earned for more products in order for us to generate more income. Forecasted Net Income SalesP 263,250 Cost of sales 182,250 Other Expenses 26,300 Gross ProfitP 54,700 *This forecasted net income is income for three years. Recommendation and Findings The fact that our group chose to buy and sell instead of manufacturing our own product, we will be able to generate income with just a little amount of capital. We will also find it easier in the field of buying and selling because we will only order products and repack them only when clients will be ordering from us and thus we will not be holding products for long periods of times before selling them. Conclusion We therefore conclude that investing 5,000 in this industry will prove to be beneficial for us because it proves that we can generate profit from it.

Internet Security essays

Internet Security essays In the recent past a well known and widely used internet utility known as Napster was ordered to discontinue all of their activities due to copyright violations. Napster was and still is an internet music sharing service and was one of the most popular such services. The company existed to allow people across the country and even around the world to share .mp3 files with each other. However as the company became more and more popular they came more and more into the eye of the record companies and artists whose music was being traded freely across their web service. This attention resulted in a court case and eventually the temporary shutdown of Napster. It also has lead to the future state of the music service, as they will reopen for business later in this year, however will now be charging for access. This entire dispute came about due to copyright infringement laws and the breaking of them over the net, however, as can be easily seen, Napster had existed for a long time bef ore these charges were brought up, and even now many alternatives exist. The only difference is the relative size of the alternatives compared to Napster. Yet these other alternatives continue to exist without punishment. The question that I will answer here has a powerful bearing on the lives of these sites, as well as on the lives of most people in this country. That question is Should there exist a government run bureau whose sole responsibility is to police the Internet to keep crimes such as these, no matter how trivial, from occurring? My answer to this question, is no. I have many reasons for the answer that I have provided to this very controversial question, however, I will only be able to address a few of those reasons here. First and foremost of these, however, is a very obvious reason, the issue of privacy. Privacy has been a concern when enforcing the law for most of the history of our country. Privacy is the reason that w...

Animal Farm, Great Expectations, and an Outpost of Progress Essay Example

Animal Farm, Great Expectations, and an Outpost of Progress Essay Example Animal Farm, Great Expectations, and an Outpost of Progress Paper Animal Farm, Great Expectations, and an Outpost of Progress Paper Essay Topic: Animal Dreams Animal Farm Great Expectations The answer is simple, the use of satire. From the moment Pip is introduced, to the point in which him and Estella supposedly fall in love, Dickens has placed his sense of satire to please the readers sense of feelings for the characters. This young boy named Pip was not raised in the richest family in the world, so he is elated that his uncle has set him on a meeting with one of the wealthiest old woman In England. Upon arrival a beautiful little girl about his age welcomes him. The old woman, Ms. Having, tells this little girl, Estella, to play with Pip and show him the ropes of being In a high-class society. More Importantly Ms. Having tells Estella to somewhat fall for Pip, and It works. As the reader you see the Irony that this Is all a ploy to destroy a little boys state of mind, and to break his heart which Is stated In this passage, Well, I thought I overheard Miss Having answer- only it seemed so unlikely- Well, you can break his heart. (Dickens 61 ) But Dickens wants Pip to feel the irony, so what better way to do it than having the girl of is dreams tell him, You must know, said Estella, condescending to me as a beautiful woman might, that I have no heart. (Dickens 235) It is a perfect way to leave the reader double-checking all that they read, and it is an even better way of introducing a little chaos in the story. Animal Farm, In short, Is about the time and events of World War II and the Russian Revolution. If a reader doesnt know this then they might not have gotten the irony and chaos presented by George Orwell. For example, after Mr.. Jones was over heron from his own far m, the animals took over; more specifically the pigs took charge. The pigs, including Snowball and others, decided they where smarter and Tanat teen snouts run ten Tara. Nine animals as a wangle Ana agreed, ten Irony, ten pigs sat around and encouraged the animals to work while they reaped the benefits. These leaders had become dictators. Orwell was able to take some of the worst stories and people of the time and turned them into animals. By saturating his story, people could distance themselves from the horrors of war. It was almost as if he wrote a fairy tale for adults. Animal Farm is a story full of saturating from point A to point B and is used in what seems to be every last sentence. A simple quote from the book showing satire, All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others. (Orwell) The saturating in Outpost of Progress is very easily seen, Just read the title. Even more ironic than the title is that the two main characters, Asserts and Carrier, are probably the laziest people ever put into a story. And of course these lazy men set the stage for a tale meant to be about progression, which, there seems to be none of. When the story takes place, it is during the time of colonialism in Africa, which is where the story is taking place. Through out the book these men are supposed to sell things to the tribesmen and people around their outpost. But due to the lack of people in the area things Just tend to sit in the shop and the two men Just sit. So what happens when there is only one cube of sugar left for their daily cup of coffee? Simple, the lazy men actually have to fight for it. Had this happened at the beginning of the story these men would have stuck to their morals and not have even thought of sighting over something so stupid. But being in this heat, without friends or loved ones tears them down limb by limb. The only progress in the entire story is the death of both of the men, over a cube of sugar. It is like Conrad meant for this story to be written based purely on saturating stating this in the book, The courage, the composure, the confidence; the emotions and principles; every great and every insignificant thought belongs not to the individual but to the crowd: to the crowd that believes blindly in the irresistible force of its institutions and of its morals, in the rower of its police and of its opinion. (Conrad, page 193) It is easy to conclude that satire is something that is placed in many books for the enjoyment of the reader. Without it many story lines would be dull and not worth reading. So for the sake of expressing their inner humor, authors insert satire where they can. As stated, Great Expectations, Animal Farm, and An Outpost of Progress are clear reminders of great and timeless stories that without some of the corruption and irony wouldnt be the classics they are today.

Business ethics of McDonald's Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business ethics of McDonald's - Dissertation Example Ethical business practices and corporate social responsibility are continually becoming more important in society today; therefore, research has begun to explore whether ethics and corporate responsibility have an effect on consumer behaviour and what the effect(s) might be. This research will focus specifically on if the business ethics McDonald’s Corporation. The aims of this study are (1) measuring consumer knowledge of McDonald’s business ethics (if any); (2) determining if consumers cared about ethics when deciding to go to McDonald’s; and, (3) whether McDonald’s responded to the ethical views of consumers. Data will be collected from 5,000 survey questionnaires, and analyses will be done using SPSS. Key Words: business ethics, corporate social responsibility, consumer behavior, SA 8000, SPSS. Introduction and Background Business ethics holds the central position in my research. Obviously, business is to make money but it is required that companies be in charge of their activities. Some businesses avoid responsibility and continue trying to make profits even when it is a public wrong. Today, business ethics is a topical and well-defined problem. However, as we get in touch with the problem we can see that it is controversial and needs to be analyzed more deeply. According to Beauchamp (2001), corporate ethics started to gain attention in 1970s. The situation has changed gradually by developing new ethical practices and implementing the ideas into society. In the 1990s, the idea of corporate social responsibility (CSR) was introduced as a tool for self-regulation according to ethical norms and international standards. Also, ethics committees (often non-profit organisations) were established to keep an eye on improper practices used by companies. Despite all of these measures to decrease the number of cases of unethical behaviour, there are still plenty of companies which prefer money over values. The following are some examples: terrible working conditions (cheap labour costs), oil spill (low safety investments) or harmful but highly demanded products (high profits). The customer has a main position in business ethics and can play a passive or active role in the case. A passive customer feels that he has no power over the situation and is easily manipulated by companies. An active, socially conscious consumer realizes that he is more powerful simply because he makes final decision whether to buy or not a company’s product. Objectives and Research Questions Today ethical business is not a fashionable trend in the market. As a result, an overwhelming majority of consumers interact with unethical corporations. This research is designed to find out if awareness of business ethics affects customer behavior, or whether they set their consumer preferences according to knowledge of ethics. In other words, I will try to find out how important ethical issues are for customers, specifically with regard to McDon ald’s restaurants. I will try to answer to the following questions: ? Do customers have information about McDonald’s business ethics in general and in detail (policy, production)? ? Do customers care about ethical issue when they buy something at McDonald’s? ? Does McDonald’s respond to the ethical views of their customers? Justification of the Project Most countries in the world have its fast food industry. Media sources represent this â€Å"mainstream† food as unhealthy and calorie-excessive. Fast food is blamed for a variety of medical problems. But is it result of negative PR or the fact which has scientific basis? On the other hand there is ethic policy of a company (McDonald’s in our case). Assuming that there is part of those who know the actual effects of eating of fast food and the guided policy, do they correct their daily visits? In other words do they use their right to choose? Review of the Literature In the late years, because business ethics have become

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research Paper Example The energy from a rubber band for moving an object can make for a great idea. The idea behind using the rubber band is that the rubber band stores energy while being stretched and then while released can provide energy to make something â€Å"go†. One can find the amount of energy a rubber band has by studying the rubber band while it is at rest. This works by allowing the rubber band to first rest. Once the rubber band is at rest it can be stretched. The stretching of the rubber band stores energy. Once the stretched rubber band is released it releases energy as it returns back to its pre stretched state. The energy released from the rubber band can provide enough force to power an object with wheels. If the weight is light enough for the elasticity of the rubber band, the object will move. It is important to make sure the strength of the rubber band is suitable for the object. The rubber band has to be strong enough to release enough energy to move the object. Tests can help indicate which rubber band is strong enough for the object. When the rubber band is twisted instead of stretched it can store more energy. The rubber band once twisted has double the strength. As the rubber band untwists itself it can release much energy.